Carcinoma metaplásico condrosarcomatoide de mama, una entidad inusual / Chondrosarcomatous metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, a rare tumor

El carcinoma metaplásico de mama es una entidad infrecuente (menos del 0,2% de todos los cánceres de mama), que se caracteriza por presentar un componente mixto epitelial y mesenquimal. Este último componente es el que establece su clasificación histológica. Así, su diagnóstico es puramente histológico, pues clínica y radiológicamente no se diferencia de un carcinoma ductal típico. Presentamos un caso de carcinoma metaplásico de mama tipo condrosarcomatoide, cuyo diagnóstico definitivo requirió un estudio mediante técnicas de inmunohistoquímica para confirmar el componente epitelial maligno del tumor. Diagnosticarlo es importante porque su comportamiento es diferente, suelen diseminarse por vía hematógena (el carcinoma epitelial típico lo hace por vía linfática), las metástasis no se presentan en el momento del diagnóstico, sino durante el seguimiento, y su supervivencia a los 5 años es del 35% (AU)

Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast are uncommon, accounting for less than 0.2% of all breast cancers. Clinically and radiologically, metaplastic carcinomas are indistinguishable from typical ductal carcinomas, and the diagnosis is made histologically by the finding of a mesenchymal component. We present a case of chondrosarcomatous metaplastic breast carcinoma whose definitive diagnosis required immunohistochemical techniques to confirm the malignant epithelial component of the tumor. Accurate diagnosis is important because this tumor behaves differently: it usually spreads through the blood (whereas typical epithelial carcinomas spread through the lymph vessels), metastases present during follow-up rather than before diagnosis, and the five-year survival rate is 35% (AU)

[Chondrosarcomatous metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, a rare tumor]. / Carcinoma metaplásico condrosarcomatoide de mama, una entidad inusual.

Metaplastic carcinomas of the breast are uncommon, accounting for less than 0.2% of all breast cancers. Clinically and radiologically, metaplastic carcinomas are indistinguishable from typical ductal carcinomas, and the diagnosis is made histologically by the finding of a mesenchymal component. We present a case of chondrosarcomatous metaplastic breast carcinoma whose definitive diagnosis required immunohistochemical techniques to confirm the malignant epithelial component of the tumor. Accurate diagnosis is important because this tumor behaves differently: it usually spreads through the blood (whereas typical epithelial carcinomas spread through the lymph vessels), metastases present during follow-up rather than before diagnosis, and the five-year survival rate is 35%.

Metástasis hepáticas secundarias a leiomiosarcoma de recto. Presentación de un caso / Liver metastases secondary to rectal leiomyosarcoma. A case report

Se presenta un caso de metástasis hepáticas en una paciente afectada por un leiomiosarcoma de localización rectal. Se incide en la rareza de este tipo de tumores, así como en su agresividad y posibilidades terapéuticas (AU)

[Occult bladder cancer in incarcerated inguinal hernia. Report of a case and review of the literature]. / Cáncer de vejiga oculto en hernia inguinal incarcerada. Aportación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of incarcerated inguinal hernia containing bladder carcinoma. METHODS/RESULTS: A case of urothelial bladder neoplasm presenting with perforation and scrotal abscess is described. The clinical features, incidence and diagnostic aspects are discussed and the literature briefly reviewed. CONCLUSION: The association of malignant tumor and hernia of the abdominal wall is uncommon, particularly those involving the inguinal zone. To our knowledge, only 8 cases have been reported from 1965 to 1995, accounting for 5.3% of all hernia sac-associated tumors. The location of this type of tumor delays diagnosis and the outcome is generally poor.

[The surgical treatment of the short bowel syndrome by creating reservoir pouches. An experimental study on rats]. / Tratamiento quirúrgico del síndrome de intestino corto mediante la construcción de bolsas frenadoras. Estudio experimental en ratas.

Intestinal pouches are one of the techniques for the surgical treatment of the short bowel syndrome. In a experimental study with rats, the influence of the intestinal pouches in a model of 85-90% small bowel resection are investigated. The pouches improve the transit time of the resected animal. However, there is no improvement in the weight curves after extensive small bowel resection. This negative effect is due to the establishment of a blind loop syndrome at the level of the pouch. The intestinal pouches have no place in the surgical treatment of the short bowel syndrome.

Gallbladder cholesterolosis: an aetiological factor in acute pancreatitis of uncertain origin.

To investigate the possible relationship between gallbladder cholesterolosis and acute pancreatitis, we studied 3797 cholecystectomy specimens and found 55 cases of gallbladder cholesterolosis unassociated with biliary lithiasis. From the reviewed case notes, 27 of these patients presented with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis which disappeared after cholecystectomy (follow-up 65.1 months). A microscopic study revealed frank cholesterolosis in all cases with a pseudopolyp transformation of the mucosa, some polyps reaching a diameter of 2 mm. We postulate that the mechanism could be temporary impaction of cholesterolosis polyps at the sphincter of Oddi and suggest that patients with recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis and negative aetiological investigation must be considered as at high risk of having gallbladder cholesterolosis and that they could benefit from cholecystectomy.